The sporophyte is the conspicuous and familiar plant body. Ferns the largest group of living seedless vascular plantsand probably the most familiarare the ferns with about 12,000 species, over two. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. Seedless vascular plants exhibit alternation of generations with a dominant sporophyte plant alternating with a haploid gametophyte plant. The living fern sporophyte was obtained and the dotlike sori was loceted at the undersurface. In this article we will discuss about the classification of pteridophytes. Phylum lycophyta club mosses and phylum pteridophyta ferns. Jun 09, 2016 phylum pteridophyta true ferns part 2 1. Emeritusprofessorofzoologyintheuniversity oflondon. Pecopteris additional earth materials trace fossils trails, tracks, trackways, borings, burrows, tubes predation marks, repair scars coprolites stromatolites ambercopal petried wood sedimentary rocks coquina limestone chalkfossil limestone. The first is a nonsexual, spore 2bearing, sporophyte 3 generation. Different organisms of phylum pterophyta have adapted to many environments. Download the desired file from latest will always be. Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification.
Selaginella apoda, a spike moss isoetes gunnii, a quillwort strobili clusters of sporophylls 2. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant that disperses spores. Pteridology pteridophytes dear biology aspirants, here you can find the lecture notes in pteridoplogy pteridophytes. The plant list includes 46,428 scientific plant names of species rank for the pteridophytes. Useful notes on the classification of pteridophytes.
A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophy. Pteridophyta is thus no longer a widely accepted taxon, but the term pteridophyte remains in common parlance, as do pteridology and pteridologist as a science and its practitioner, respectively. Video pteron feather sorus and these leaves, bearing sporangia, some others are heterosporous, i. Spores may be similar homosporous as in majority of pteridophytes e. Pteridophytes biology encyclopedia plant, body joilethbwinmi. Some pteridophytes are aquatic and some are epiphytes. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. Firstly all the botanists divided the plant kingdom into two large groups cryptogamia and phanerogamia, linnaeus 1754 used the term cryptogams for the first time for those plants which did not possess visible sex organs.
Structure and form approximately 11,000 known species vary in size from less than 1 cm in diameter to 25 meters tall fern leaves are megaphylls that are commonly referred to as fronds 3. The following points highlight the three classes of pteridophytes. Tumbuhan paku dikelompokkan dalam satu divisi yang jenis jenisnya telah jelas mempunyai kormus dan dapat dibedakan dalam. Fern plants are placed under the phylum pteridophyta. The global vegetation of these periods was dominated by large sized tree like pteridophytes. Due to discovery of the fossil plants, the classification of pteridophytes has undergone. Pteridophyta in the broad interpretation of the term are. May 22, 2020 pteridophyta, there is a general presumption that the multiciliate ones of isoetes definite strobili, as in some species of lycopodium and in phyllo glossum, or. Introduction to botany moscow state university botanical server. They are far different from most plants we generally think about because they do not produce seeds, flowers, fruit. The cryptogamia was further divided into thallophyta.
Furthermore, in hymenophyllous ferns, the sporophyte is. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. The plant list includes a further 3,533 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the pteridophytes. A few pteridophytes are aquatic while still others are epiphytes. Ginkgos phylum ginkgophyta genus ginkgo club mosses phylum lycopodiophyta genus lepidodendron scale tree conifers phylum pinophyta genus metasequoia horsetails phylum sphenophyta genus calamites form leaf genus. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial plants and thrive well in abundant moisture and shade while some flourish well in open, dry situations especially in xeric conditions. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden.
Pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Eichler 1883 divided the plant kingdom into cryptogamia and phanerogamia. Pteridophyte definition, any plant of the division pteridophyta, characterized by vascular tissue and differentiation into root, stem, and leaves, comprising the ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. Pteridophytes are a diverse paraphyletic group of seedless, vascular plants that have an alternation of generations between a sporophyte and a gametophyte. Diversity pteridophyta group 5 adinda 0902198 euis umi kulsum 0902165 lidya velesia 0902271. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Bartholomewbegan with over 12,000 species recognized worldwide m. Please click on the desired topic to access its contents. The major groups include lycophytes clubmosses, quillworts, and spikemosses, which has a long and fascinating fossil history, with some examples of ancient clubmosses growing up to 40.
Pdf on feb 26, 2003, george yatskievych published pteridophytes ferns find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Feel free to contact the admin if you have any doubts or quires. Difference between thallophyta bryophyta and pteridophyta. The pteridophytes are the spore bearing vascular plants and are distinguished from the other cryptogams by the possession of vascular tissues xylem and phloem. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are also referred to as cryptogams. May 29, 2018 pteridophyta pteridophytes a division of the plant kingdom, comprising the vascular cryptogams 1. The cryptogams are seedless plants or plantlike organisms that do not produce flowers and fruits. The group pteridophyta, the wing plants, is a diverse bunch of related plants. Themorphologof pteridophytes biologicalsciences professorh. Sep 07, 2017 main difference thallophyta bryophyta vs pteridophyta.
In 1880, the cryptogams of the plant kingdom were divided. Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta while phanerogamic. Difference between bryophytes pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Some of the characters of pteridophytes are as follows. Species of pteridophytes contained within the plant list belong to 35 plant families and 568 plant genera.
Phylum anthophyta 89 genus acer 90 genus populus 91 genus platanus phylum ginkgophyta 92 genus ginkgo phylum lycopodiophyta 93 genus lepidodendron scale tree phylum pinophyta 94 genus metasequoia 95 phylum pteridophyta ferns 96 genus calamites horsetail 97 plant leaf. Free shipping worldwide covid19 restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted. The sporophyte is well adapted to life on land and bears the sporangia spore bearing structures. A higher level classification of all living organisms plos. Ferns are unique and have potential use, such as materials for. The largest group of living seedless vascular plantsand probably the most familiarare the ferns with about 12,000 species, over two. Phylum pteridophyta seedless vascular plants pteridophyta ferns monophyletic. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about pteridophytes ppt. However, they do not form a monophyletic group because ferns are more closely related to seed plants than to lycophytes. Another, filter paperlike apoplastic trans port was also. According to smith 1955, the use of pteridophyta as a divisionlevel taxon was by schimper 1879. Coniferophytes and cycadophytes collectively are termed as gymnosperms. Equisetum species are, therefore, also called scouring rushes. Engler 1909 included the bryophyta and pteridophyta under embryophyta.
The pteridophytes were dominant during the devonian and carboniferous periods. Ferns and lycophytes share a life cycle and are often collectively treated or studied, for example by the international association of pteridologists. They are flowerless plants exhibiting an alternation of 2 distinct and dissimilar generations. Thallophyta, bryophyta, and pteridophyta are the three phyla of cryptogams, which is a subkingdom of plantae. Fronds in the largest species of ferns can reach some six metres in length. A pteridophyte sensu lato is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces via spores, and therefore was a member of the former and now invalid taxon pteridophyta. Hence, an attempt has been made to compile medicinally important pteridophytes used by. Liverworts are a group of nonvascular plants similar to mosses. The term is now used only informally to denominate a fern monilophyte or lycophyte. The defining characteristics of this phylum reproduction via spores, however, have vascular systems, which separate phylum pterophyta from phylum bryophyta. Phylum bryophyta, phylum lycophyta, phylum pteridophyta, phylum cycadophyta, phylum coniferophyta and phylum anthophyta. These kinds of species were believed to spread widely in indonesia regions. Life cycle of pteridophyta sporophytes of seed plants, those of ferns. Hence, an attempt has been made to compile medicinally important pteridophytes used by different ethnic minorities and local people in india.
Phylum psilotophyta whisk ferns phylum lycophyta club mosses and quillworts phylum equisetophyta horsetails and scouring rashes phylum polypodiophyta ferns. Pteridophytes have been considered an excellent source of medicine since ancient times and remain underexplored in ethnobotanical aspects when compared to other vascular plants. Ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes are all pteridophytes. A concept based exclusive material pteridophytes, gymnosperms. Oct 15, 2017 pteridophyta wulan fix download as powerpoint presentation. Pteridophyta is thus no longer a widely accepted taxon, but the term pteridophyte remains in common parla. The sporophyte is the recognized plant body of all pteridophytes. The other two phyla are marchantiophyta or liverworts and anthocerotophyta or hornworts. Some 265300 genera and 10,90011,100 species recognized worldwide numbers based largely on smith et al. In addition, in pteridophytes, the gametophyte is often very thin and can be unistratose, especially at the margins yatskievych, 2003. Spores and leaf impressions of plants that lived 400 million years ago in the middle devonian have been found, but almost.
Classification of pteridophytes botany biology discussion. Pteridophyta is a phylum of plants which is commonly known as ferns. Nov 01, 2019 phylum pteridophyta classification of pteridophytes lycopodium sp. Annularia seed ferns phylum pteridospermatophyta genus glossopteris true ferns phylum pteridophyta.
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