The causes of ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies. The complexity of ethnic conflict in nigeria reflects on its mode of occurrence. Pdf proliferation of small arms, light weapons and. A need for true federalism peaceful and prosperous in nigeria. Inter and intra community conflicts in selected communities. Pdf theories and practice of ethnic conflict management. Good governance, conflicts, ethnoreligious identities, clashes of civilization and nigeria. The history of ethnicity and ethnic conflicts in nigeria is also traced back to the colonial transgressions that forced the ethnic groups of the. We cannot guarantee that conflict management in nigeria book is available. Thank you for downloading inter ethnic and religious conflict resolution in nigeria. Ethnic conflict between the muslims and christians in nigeria.
Plateau state of nigeria and has for some years experienced several sectarian, ethnic and political clashes among which were the september 2001 and april 2004 conflicts leading to the imposition of state of emergency by the obasanjo led administration. The impact is evident in the number of violent conflicts recorded in the calabar area in the last few years. Ethnic conflict in nigeria has led to the lack of peace and harmony. Ethnicity and ethnic conflict the journal of modern african studies. Major conflicts in northern nigeria location date religious group reported cause. In southwest nigeria, which has large christian and muslim populations, the yoruba is the largest ethnic group. Federalism and ethnic conflict in nigeria suberu, rotimi, diamond, larry on. This article explores the linkages between ethnic nationalism and conflicts in nigeria. Conflict and dispute in nigeria between the ife and the modakeke. In nigeria, ethnic conflict is a highly significant social phenomena because of it complexity and the social and political threats it pose to the society.
Nigeria is a complex country in africa with over 300 ethnic groups and 120 different languages spoken throughout the country. Download or read online conflict management in nigeria full hq books. Traditionally, ethnic nationalism typifies a sense of identity, national pride and solidarity, to mention a few. Pdf on sep 10, 2015, olugbemiga samuel afolabi published nigeria ethnic conflict in multinational west africa find, read and cite all the research you need. Ayandele 1996 also postulates that religious conflict is a universal phenomenon and it. Pdf a historical survey of ethnic conflict in nigeria. Lessons from nigeria paul oluwatosin bello1 abstract. In nigeria, ethnic conflicts occur along a tridimensional trajectory osaghae 2002, nnoli 1978.
The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine ethnic conflict in nigeria and political instability in the face of competing national interest, using the 19671970 civil war as a. Conflict in nigeria has resulted in the death, displacement, sexual violations, injuries, disabilities among others, of the population affected. This article focused on the historical survey of ethnic conflict in the nigerian society and its scope is vast in a way that it stresses the countrys. It is a political science theory which sees the role of intellectuals and politicians in mobilizing ethnic feelings and interethnic strife as key. Ethnic conflict and sustainable development in nigeria. Africa, built environment, corruption, ethnicity, urban land, urban planning. Pdf theories and practice of ethnic conflict management in. In recent years, nigeria had witnessed the outbreak of several violent communal or ethnic conflicts, while some old ones had gained additional po. Pdf proliferation of small arms, light weapons and ethnic. Pdf download for ethnic conflict and the politics of spoils in nigeria. Any conflict that occurs can be seen from the lens of religion and ethnicity. Religious conflict resolution in nigeria, but end up in harmful downloads. The causes of instability in nigeria and implications for the united. Federalism and ethnic conflict in nigeria open epub.
The impact is evident in the number of violent conflicts recorded in. Pdf nigeria is one of the major democracies in african continent. Southeast nigeria is largely christian and is dominated by the igbo ethnic. The goal of this study determinates social context of ethnic conflict in multi ethnic societies. The conflict between the ife and modakeke appears to be a protracted and seemingly intractable intra ethnic conflict that has continued to pit two groups of the same ethnic background against one. Pdf ebooks can be used on all reading devices immediate ebook. Ethnoreligious conflicts and national security in nigeria. Implications of ethnic and religious conflicts on northern. Nigeria is said to be a british creation by uniting the various nationalities into a single country today known as the federal republic of nigeria. The first is the conflicts among the majority ethnic groups. Ethnic conflict and political instability in nigeria. Pdf communal conflict in nigeria pdf communal conflict in nigeria pdf communal conflict in nigeria download. He further pointed out that by intra ethnic conflict. However, the main conflict drivers in nigeria can be grouped into socioeconomic, sociocultural, political and environmental drivers.
A historical analysis of ethnic conflict in nigeria grin. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. Pdf conflict and dispute in nigeria between the ife and the. Decisionmaking approach was used to examine the scene of conflict by focusing only on the religious conflict between muslims and christians in the country.
Ethnic struggles and conflicts in nigeria with timeline. However, 17 posited that intra ethnic conflict is a conflict that occur among people of the same ethnic group, while 18 reaffirms that intra ethnic conflict occur when there is competition for the scarce resources, aftermost in value system and interest. A historical survey of ethnic conflict in nigeria citeseerx. This study examines the ethnic conflicts caused by the introduction of sharia law in the northern state of nigeria. Interethnic and religious conflict resolution in nigeria cep. This model can be applied to conflict resolution in nigeria by.
Ethnic conflicts were the main forms of political instability in the multi ethnic societies during second half of twenty century and beginning of new century. Pdf exhuming trends in ethnic conflict and cooperation in. Conflict and violence events in north central nigeria have remained steady since 20 to 2016 25% of households experienced any type of conflict event from 2010 to 2017 more than half of all reported conflict events 55% were caused by disputes over access to land. Causes of ethnic and religious conflicts in nigeria. These violent crises have led to loss of life and properties and. It encompasses colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major episodes of national violence riots, massacres, etc. The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine ethnic conflict in nigeria and political instability in the face of competing national interest, using the 19671970 civil war as a basis of evaluation. It could manifest in the area of religion, economy, education, military, politics, and among professionals. Trends and dimensions of ethnic conflict in nigeria ethnic conflicts could take different forms and its manifestation could arise from different dimensions in the nigeria society. A historical analysis of ethnic conflict in nigeria african studies culture and applied geography research paper 2012 ebook 7.
Download full conflict and dispute in nigeria between the ife and the modakeke book or read online anytime anywhere, available in pdf, epub and kindle. He further stated that any restive acts of groups whether inter or intra in nature in contemporary history of nigeria is synonymous with conflict. And british also used this to exploit the traditional culture of nigeria. British, as usual use their divide and rule policy to sow the seed of conflicts on the basis of religious conflicts among the people in nigeria. Click get books and find your favorite books in the online library. Movement for the sovereign state of biafra massob in south east nigeria. Nigeria is a large multi ethnic country, where ethnic cleavages remain a critical problem and where ethnic violence has erupted periodically. Lastly, ethnic conflicts may not necessarily be caused within the state but by external influence, which then triggers off violent ethnic conflict. Pdf nigeria ethnic conflict in multinational west africa. Southeast nigeria is largely christian and is dominated by the igbo ethnic group. A typical major conflicts in nigeria is shown on the table 1 below.
Pdf communal conflict in nigeria been developed to explain in details the nature of conflict situations in. It was found that a number of violent events that had occurred in nigeria was due to the manipulations of the constitutional law in a process of decision making by muslims and christian leaders and political elites that cannot fulfill the expectations of their respective ethnic groups. The study critically examines the phenomenon of ethnic conflict and violence to show the magnitude of its impact on nigerians. Indeed, research on ethnic conflicts in nigeria tends to favour interethnic. Ethnic conflict can be defined as the breakdown of accommodation of ethnic minorities within the state. The paper compares the management of ethnic conflicts in nigeria and south africa witha view to underscoring the intricacies in. Jinadu is currently the executive director of the centre for advanced social.
Ethnic conflict and the politics of spoils in nigeria seun bamidele. Many research documents have been written on the causes of conflict in nigeria. The vast majority of the population of northern nigeria identifies as muslim, and is primarily from the hausafulani ethnic group. Understanding group violence in multiethnic societies. Brief political historyafter gaining independence from britain in 1960, nigeria was under military rule for approximately 30 years. Haven attempted to theoretically justify the prevalence of armed ethnic conflict in nigeria, the next section of the study will look at contextual determinants of salw in nigeria. Ethnic conflict and national stability in nigeria a case study of obasonjos regime with abstract, chapter 15, references. Against this backdrop, the study relying mainly on secondary literature sets out to examine and establish theoretical if any, a negative correlation between proliferation of small arms, light weapons salw and persistence of armed ethnic conflict in contemporary nigeria. As you have access to this article, a pdf of this content is available in through the. Pdf conflict and dispute in nigeria between the ife and. Federalism and ethnic conflict in nigeria godfrey n. Brief political historyafter gaining independence from britain in 1960, nigeria.
Data were collected through qualitative indepth interviews of key informants. Once there is an uneven development in all or some facets of human existence within a given society, the different groups will definitely become immersed in the competition for the goods of modernity which invariably leads to conflict. Feb, 2018 in nigeria, the colonial masters provided urban setting, which constitutes the cradle of contemporary ethnicity. The word ethnic originates from latin ethnicus, or greek ethnikos, both of which referred to it as for nation, national or people. These conflicts have led to various violent ethnic crises in nigeria, such as the zango kataf crisis, the sagamukano riots, ogoni crisis, tivjukun crisis etc. She is made up of diverse people based on ethnic group, language, religion, etc. This approach is germane to ethnic conflicts in nigeria. In these cases, land conflict seemed to promote corruption and the use of. Ethnicity, corruption and violence in urban land conflict in. The politicization of ethnicity as source of conflict the nigerian. First, ethnic conflict can also result from failure to accommodate. The immediate and remote causes of the jos crises have been politicized along sectarian and. Click get book button to download or read books, you can choose free trial service.
Ethnicity, ethnic crisis, and good governance in nigeria. Nigeria an overview of challenges to peace and security. The consociational or integrative model of ethnic conflict is the most relevant for nigeria. Ethnoreligious conflict is a form of conflict supposedly generated on the basis of real or imagined difference rooted in ethnic and religious identities. Intra group restiveness or conflict occurs when there is a competition for an interest onah, 1999. On ethnicity and ethnic conflict management in nigeria gsdrc. Nigeria today is plagued with conflicts across various parts of the country. This is based on a powersharing and views different ethnic or cultural groups as mutual partners, willing to negotiate and make compromises in order to make the system work.
Theoretical perspective 79 languages, customs and traditions gives the country a rich cultural diversity. This is a list of conflicts in africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between african nations, civil wars, and wars involving nonafrican nations that took place within africa. Buy this book isbn 97836584839 digitally watermarked, drmfree included format. It is supposedly because of the need to avoid the essentialism that characterizes discourses on identity politics, especially the independent power assigned to these identities in. A powerful dynamic in the explanation of ethnic conflicts is the elite based theory of conflict. The diversities present in the country, however, have been a major cause of conflicts. In nigeria, ethnic conflicts occur along a tridimensional trajectory. The colonialist while pretending to carry out a mission of uniting the warring ethnic groups, consciously and systematically separated the various nigerian people thereby creating a suitable atmosphere for conflict. Inter ethnic conflicts have been one of the most challenging problems of nigeria and indeed many african nations. Pdf conflict management in nigeria free download full books. Ethnic conflict and national stability in nigeria pdf. Ethnoreligious identity and conflict in northern nigeria. In africa, ethnic minority conflicts have often been animated by resource. The effects of ethnic conflict on good governancethere is no gainsaying the fact that ethnic crises in nigeria have seriously affected jekada has rightly observed that there is a linkage between proliferation of small arms and light weapons and the upsurge of ethnic conflict in nigeria.
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